Class 8, Social Science (Geography)
INDUSTRIES, Chapter 5, Resources and Development
Ncert (Cbse) Solutions
CBSE Class 8, Industries - NCERT Solutions of Social Science (Geography) | Resources and Development, Notes and Solutions of Sample Questions [Read]
Ncert Textbook Chapter Exercise Questions (Important only)
Q.1: Answer the following questions:
- What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
- Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
- Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?
- Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
- What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
- Industry means an economic activity that is related to production of goods, extraction of minerals and the provision of services. Examples for the above are - Iron and Steel Industry, Coal Mining Industry and Tourism Industry respectively.
- Main factors which influence the location of an industry are listed below:
·
availability of raw materials
·
transport and communication
·
land
·
power
·
water
·
capital
·
labour
·
market
3. Iron and steel industry is often
referred to as the backbone of the modern industry. This is because that almost
everything is either made from iron or steel or has been made using tools and
machineries of these metals. There are plenty of examples like -ships, trains,
vehicles; all are made largely of steel. Materials of our day-to-day use starting
safety pin to our building in which we live, are made from steel. Without the
use of iron no industry can run.
4.
Cotton textile rapidly expanded in
Mumbai because its warm, moist climate, facility of port for importing of
machinery and above all the easy availability of skilled labor.
5. Similarities between information
technology industry in Bangalore and California can be drawn as follows:
·
Bangalore is located in Deccan
Plateau while Silicon Valley in California is located next to the Rocky Mountains.
·
Both have clean environment.
·
Pleasant climate throughout the
year.
·
In the vicinity of educational,
scientific and technological centers.
·
Close to major roads and airports.
·
Good access to markets.
·
Both have skilled work force.
·
Low or affordable cost of living.
Q.2: Tick the correct answer:
(i)
Silicon valley is
located in
a.
Bangalore.
b.
California
c.
Ahmedabad
(ii)
Which one of the
following industries is known as sunrise industry?
a.
Iron and Steel
industry
b.
Cotton industry
c.
Information technology
(iii)
Which one of the
following is a natural fiber?
a.
Nylon
b.
Jute
c. Acrylic
Solutions:
(i)b (ii)c (iii)b
Q.3: Distinguish between the followings:
(i)
Agro-based and
mineral-based industries.
(ii)
Public sector and
Joint sector industries.
Solutions: (i) The distinction between agro-based and mineral-based industries can be done
as follows -
Agro-based
industries
|
Mineral-based
industries
|
·
Agro-based industries use plant
and animal based products as raw materials.
·
These industries provide
employment in rural areas.
·
Agro-based industries are mostly
in private or co-operative sectors.
·
Examples of such industries are -
jute, cotton textile, dairy products, leather industries etc.
|
·
Mineral-based industries are those
that use mineral ores as their raw materials.
·
They provide employment to both
rural and urban areas.
·
These industries are mostly in
public sector because of their large investment requirement.
·
Examples of such industries are -
iron and steel, capital goods industries etc.
|
(ii)
The distinction between public sector and joint sector industries can made as
follows -
Public
sector industries
|
Joint
sector industries
|
·
The industries which are owned and
operated by State Govt. or Central Govt. are called public sector industries.
·
They involve huge capital
investments.
·
These industries are managed and
run by workforce appointed by Govt.
·
Examples are Steel authority of
India limited (SAIL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) etc.
|
·
The industries which are owned and
operated by Govt. and an individual or a group of individuals are called
joint sector industries.
·
Capital investments are generally
less than the public sector industries.
·
Both Govt. servants and private
employees run these industries.
·
Example - Maruti Udyog Limited
(MUL).
|
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